DNA Translation MCQs

DNA Translation multiple-choice questions (MCQs) explores various topics such as ribosome structure, tRNA function, codon-anticodon interactions, and the steps involved in protein synthesis.

Whether you’re studying for an exam or seeking to deepen your understanding of molecular genetics, these MCQs offer valuable learning opportunities for students and enthusiasts alike.

Let’s explore the MCQs below and expand your comprehension of protein synthesis!

MCQ on DNA Translation

After a mature mRNA leaves the nucleus of a cell, it heads for a __ in the cell’s cytoplasm where the code it contains can be translated to produce a protein

centrioles
Ribosome
mitochondria
Golgi apparatus

Correct Answer

Ribosome

Each codon specifies one _ in the polypeptide chain of a protein.

Sugar molecule
Fatty acid
amino acid
None of these

Correct Answer

 amino acid

Each codon specifies one amino acid in the polypeptide chain of a _

protein
Carbohydrate
Vitamin
None of these

Correct Answer

protein

DNA translation is a crucial process in molecular biology where the genetic information encoded in messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded to produce a specific sequence of amino acids, forming a polypeptide chain. This process occurs in the ribosomes, utilizing transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to match codons on the mRNA with corresponding amino acids.

Number of possible codons is?

12
144
64
89

Correct Answer

64

_ is called the start codon because translation begins here

AUG
UAA
UAG
UGA

Correct Answer

AUG

AUG represents the amino acid _

Leucine
Lysine
methionine
phenylalanine

Correct Answer

methionine

methionine is the _ amino acid added to the polypeptide chain in RNA translation

second
first
third
fourth

Correct Answer

first

The codons UAA, UAG, and UGA are called _ codons

Start
middle
stop
None of these

Correct Answer

stop

Stop codons include _

UAA
UAG
UGA
All of these

Correct Answer

All of these

_ represent arginine

CGU
CGC
CGA
CGG
All of these

Correct Answer

All of these

In order for your cells to decode mRNA, they need the help of an important worker i.e __

Ribosomal RNA
transfer RNA
Both of these
None of these

Correct Answer

transfer RNA

_ decodes the message in the mRNA

Ribosomal RNA
transfer RNA
Both of these
None of these

Correct Answer

transfer RNA

Each tRNA has a special group of three nucleotides, called a _, that pairs up with the codons in mRNA

anticodon
Exons
introns
None of these

Correct Answer

anticodon

Each tRNA enters a pocket in the ribosome called?

B site
D site
A site
Z site

Correct Answer

A site

Each tRNA enters a pocket in the ribosome called the A site. An adjacent pocket, called the_____, holds a tRNA with the growing polypeptide chain

P site
D site
A site
Z site

Correct Answer

P site

When a stop codon is in the A site, an enzyme called _ enters the ribosome and cuts the polypeptide chain free

absorbing factor
Emission factor
Assimilating factor
release factor

Correct Answer

release factor