Mutation MCQs

_ is a disease caused by uncontrolled cell division

AIDS
cancer
syphillis
osteoarthritis

Correct Answer

cancer

a mass of cells accumulated at a place in body resulting in cancer is called?

tissue
Tumor
pile
organ

Correct Answer

Tumor

Tumor that is more likely to spread and cause death is called?

Benign Tumor
Malignant Tumor
Both of these
None of these

Correct Answer

Malignant Tumor

The spread of cancer cells around the body occurs through _

Meiosis
mitosis
metastasis
None of these

Correct Answer

metastasis

A _ is a change from the original DNA strand

Replication
Translation
transcription
mutation

Correct Answer

mutation

Spontaneous mutations result from uncorrected mistakes by?

Amylase
lipase
DNA polymerase
DNA ligase

Correct Answer

DNA polymerase

the enzyme that copies DNA is?

Amylase
lipase
DNA polymerase
DNA ligase

Correct Answer

DNA polymerase

_ result from environmental agents that increase the error rate of DNA polymerase

Induced mutations
Spontaneous mutation
Both of these
None of these

Correct Answer

Induced mutations 

_ result from uncorrected mistakes by DNA polymerase

Induced mutations
Spontaneous mutation
Both of these
None of these

Correct Answer

Spontaneous mutation

Induced mutations result from environmental agents that increase the error rate of _?

Amylase
lipase
DNA polymerase
DNA ligase

Correct Answer

DNA polymerase

Anything that increases the error rate of DNA polymerase is a _?

mutagen
carcinogen
Both of these
None of these

Correct Answer

mutagen

Which of these is a mutagen?

X-rays
ultraviolet light
formaldehyde
All of these

Correct Answer

All of these

When the wrong nucleotides are paired together in the parent DNA, a _ occurs

Insertion
Base substitution
Deletion
None of these

Correct Answer

Base substitution

If the parent DNA molecule has a nucleotide containing thymine (T), then DNA polymerase should bring in a nucleotide containing _ for the new strand of DNA

guanine
adenine
uracil
cytosine

Correct Answer

adenine

If the parent DNA molecule has a nucleotide containing _, then DNA polymerase should bring in a nucleotide containing adenine for the new strand of DNA

guanine
uracil
cytosine
thymine

Correct Answer

thymine

If only one nucleotide gets changed, the mutation is called a _ mutation

single
point
Pin
dot

Correct Answer

point

_ mutations have no effect on the protein or organism

Silent
Missense
point
Nonsense

Correct Answer

Silent

_ Mutations change the amino acids in the protein

Silent
Missense
point
Nonsense

Correct Answer

Missense

__ mutations introduce a stop codon into the mRNA, preventing the protein from being made

Silent
Missense
point
Nonsense

Correct Answer

Nonsense

Nonsense mutations may result in _?

cystic fibrosis
Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy
thalassemia
All of these

Correct Answer

All of these

When DNA polymerase fails to copy all the DNA in the parent strand, that’s a _

Insertion
Base substitution
Deletion
None of these

Correct Answer

Deletion

Mutations that change the way in which the codons are read are called _ mutations

Silent
Missense
point
frameshift

Correct Answer

frameshift

Deletions of _ nucleotides result in the deletion of one amino acid

1
2
3
None of these

Correct Answer

3

Deletions of three nucleotides result in the deletion of _ amino acid

1
2
3
None of these

Correct Answer

1

Serious diseases such as _ result from deletions

cystic fibrosis
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Both of these
osteoarthritis

Correct Answer

Both of these

When DNA polymerase slips and copies nucleotides in the parent DNA more than once, an _ occurs

Insertion
Base substitution
Deletion
None of these

Correct Answer

Insertion

_ disease, an illness that causes the nervous system to degenerate starting when a person is in his 30s or 40s, is caused by insertions of the sequence

Huntington’s
osteoarthritis
syphillis
AIDS

Correct Answer

Huntington’s

Huntington’s disease, an illness that causes the nervous system to degenerate starting when a person is in his 30s or 40s, is caused by _ of the sequence of DNA

Insertion
Base substitution
Deletion
None of these

Correct Answer

Insertion

_ is a disease that clogs the lungs and smaller passageways of the body with mucus

osteoarthritis
Syphillis
Cystic fibrosis
AIDS

Correct Answer

Cystic fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutation in?

insulin
Collagen
Keratin
CFTR

Correct Answer

CFTR

Normal CFTR protein is found in the _ of people’s cells

Mitochondria
Golgi apparatus
plasma membranes
cytoplasm

Correct Answer

plasma membranes

Normal CFTR protein is found in the plasma membranes of people’s cells, where it helps move _ across the membrane

chloride
cuprous
Ferrous
carbide

Correct Answer

chloride

The most common mutation in CFTR is a deletion of _ nucleotides, resulting in the loss of one amino acid

1
3
5
7

Correct Answer

3

DNA polymerase occasionally makes uncorrected mistakes when copying a cell’s genetic information during DNA replication. These mistakes are called?

Glycolysis
hydrolysis
spontaneous mutations
phenotypes

Correct Answer

spontaneous mutations

__ introduce changes into the genetic code

Glycolysis
hydrolysis
spontaneous mutations
None of these

Correct Answer

spontaneous mutations

_ occurs when homologous chromosomes separate during anaphase I of meiosis

hydrolysis
Independent assortment
glycolysis
None of these

Correct Answer

Independent assortment